JoLIE 3/2010

Back to issue page

 

 

 

ENGLISH IN THE AGE OF GLOBALIZATION: CHANGING ELT MODELS, RESTRUCTURING RELATIONSHIPS 

 

 

Elena Ciprianová

Constantine the Philosopher University, Nitra, Slovakia

 

Michal Vančo

Constantine the Philosopher University, Nitra, Slovakia

 

 

 

Abstract

 

The main function of the English language today is to facilitate communication across intranational and international borders. Nowadays English is a global language which predominates in all spheres of world communication. The emergence of global English is not a pure coincidence of factors collaborating in favour of the English language, but a result of the unequal distribution of economic, political and cultural influence and a deliberate effort of native English speaking countries, mainly the UK and the USA to promote English around the world. This was greatly supported by national organizations and the ELT industry. Though the spread of English has, to a certain degree, contributed to perpetuating the asymmetrical relationships between native and non-native English speaking communities, the appropriation of English and ELT practices empowered the communities in the Periphery and created a basis for reconstitution of the existing inequalities.

 

Key words: English; Communication; Power; Teaching.

 

 

References

 

Brown, H.D. (1994). Principles of language learning and teaching. New Jersey: Prentice Hall Regents.

 

Byram, M. (1997). Teaching and assessing intercultural communicative competence. Clevedon, Philadelphia: Multilingual Matters.

 

Canagarajah, S.A. (1999). Resisting linguistic imperialism in English teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

 

Canagarajah, S.A. (2002). Globalization, methods, and practice in periphery classrooms. In D. Block, & D. Cameron (Eds.), Globalization and language teaching (pp. 134-150). London and New York Routledge.

 

Ciprianová, E. (2003). Problémy integrácie kultúrneho obsahu do vyučovania angličtiny ako cudzieho jazyka a jeho vplyv na utváranie názorov a postojov študentov stredných škôl. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského. Unpublished PhD. Thesis.

 

Ciprianová, E. (2008). Kultúra a vyučovanie cudzieho jazyka. Nitra: Univerzita Konštantína Filozofa.

 

Council of Europe (2001). The common European framework of reference for languages: Learning, teaching, assessment. Retrieved May, 25th, 2010, from http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/linguistic/Source/Framework_EN.pdf

 

Crystal, D. (1997). English as a global language (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

 

Crystal, D. (2000). Language death. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139923477

 

Crystal, D. (2001). The future of Englishes. In A. Burns, & C. Coffin (Eds.), Analysing English in a global context (pp. 53-64). London and New York: Routledge.

 

Fairclough, N. (1989). Language and power. Harlow: Longman.

 

Fairclough, N. (1992). The appropriacy of ‘appropriateness’. In N. Fairclough (Ed.), Critical language awareness (pp. 33–56). London and New York: Longman.

 

Graddol, D. (2001). English in the future. In A. Burns, & C. Coffin (Eds.), Analysing English in a global context (pp. 26-37). London and New York: Routledge.

 

Holliday, A. (1994). Appropriate methodology and social context. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

 

Holly, D. (1990). The Unspoken Curriculum – or how language teaching carries cultural and ideological messages. In B. Harrison (Ed.), Culture and the language classroom (pp. 11-19). Modern English Publications and the British Council.

 

Hymes, D. (1972). On communicative competence. In J.B. Pride, & J. Holmes (Eds.), Sociolinguistics: selected readings (pp. 269-293). Harmondsworth: Penguin Books.

 

Kachru, B.B., & Nelson, C.L. (2001). World Englishes. In A. Burns, & C. Coffin (Eds.), Analysing English in a global context (pp. 9-25). London and New York: Routledge.

 

Kramsch, C. (1998). Language and culture. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

 

Mackinnon, D. (1996). Good and bad English. In D. Graddol, D. Leith, & J. Swann (Eds.), English: history, diversity and change (pp. 338 – 364). London and New York: Routledge.

 

McKay, L.S. (2006). EIL curriculum development. In R. Rubdi, & M. Saraceni (Eds.), English in the world. Global rules, global roles (pp. 114 -129). London: Continuum.

 

Pennycook, A. (1994). The cultural politics of English as an international language. London and New York: Routledge.

 

Pennycook, A. (1998). English and the discourses of colonialism. London and New York: Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0047404500281037

 

Phillipson, R. (1992). Linguistic imperialism. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 

 

Rubdi, R., & Saraceni, M. (Eds.). (2006). English in the world. Global rules, global roles. London: Continuum.

 

Savignon, S.J. (1983). Communicative competence: Theory and classroom practice. Texts and contexts in second language learning. Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company.

 

Saville-Troike, M. (2003). Extending “communicative” concepts in the second language curriculum: A sociolinguistic perspective. In D.L. Lange, & M.R. Paige (Eds.), Culture as the core: Perspectives in second language education (pp. 3–17). Greenwich: Information Age Publishing.

 

Singh, M., Kell, P., & Pandian, A. (2002). Appropriating English. Innovation in the global business of English language teaching. New York: Peter Lang Publishing, Inc.   

 

Stern, H.H. (1984). Fundamental concepts of language teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

 

Straková, Z. (2000). Problematickosť kultúrneho a didaktického transferu vo vyučovaní anglického jazyka. In Š. Pongó, & A. Pokrivčák (Eds.), Vyučovanie cudzích jazykov pre dospelých (pp. 56-61). Nitra: Univerzita Konštantína Filozofa.

 

Wallace, C. (2002). Local literacies and global literacy. In D. Block, & D. Cameron (Eds.), Globalization and language teaching (pp. 101-114). London and New York: Routledge.

 

Wardhaugh, R. (1987). Languages in competition. Dominance, diversity, decline. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.

 

Online information:

 

The British Council Annual Report 2005-06. Retrieved May, 25th, 2010 from http://britishcouncil.org/new/Documents/bc-annual-report-2005-2006-pdf  

 

The British Council - Slovakia. Retrieved May, 25th, 2010 from http://britishcouncil.org/slovakia-who-we-are.htm

 

The United States Information Agency. Retrieved May, 25th, 2010 from http://dosfan.lib.uic.edu/usia/usiahome/factshe.htm

 

 

How to cite this article: Ciprianova, E., & Vanco, M. (2010). English in the age of globalization: Changing ELT models, restructuring relationships. Journal of Linguistic and Intercultural Education – JoLIE, 3, 123-136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29302/jolie.2010.3.8

 

 

For details on subscription, go to: http://jolie.uab.ro/index.php?pagina=-&id=19&l=en